山西泰立鋼結構為您分享:山西鋼結構工程保護包括防火、防腐、防銹,一般在防火涂料處理后不需要進行防銹處理,但在腐蝕性氣體建筑中仍需進行防腐處理。目前防火涂料種類較多,如TN系列、MC-10等,其中MC-10防火涂料包括醇酸磁性涂料、氯化橡膠涂料、氟橡膠涂料和氯磺化涂料。
在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中,應根據鋼結(jie)構(gou)(gou)類型、耐火等(deng)級要(yao)求和(he)環(huan)境要(yao)求選擇合適的(de)(de)涂(tu)層厚(hou)度和(he)涂(tu)層厚(hou)度。鋼結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)條(tiao)件(jian)在低(di)溫(wen)下容易冷脆(cui),因此在低(di)溫(wen)溫(wen)條(tiao)件(jian)下工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)(gou),特別是焊(han)(han)接(jie)結(jie)構(gou)(gou),應選擇耐低(di)溫(wen)脆(cui)性(xing)好(hao)的(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)鋼。此外,露(lu)天結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)鋼容易產生及時性(xing),有害介質(zhi)的(de)(de)鋼容易零腐蝕、疲勞和(he)斷裂(lie),也(ye)應選擇不(bu)同的(de)(de)材料。鋼厚(hou)度薄,軋制(zhi)次數多,軋制(zhi)壓(ya)縮比(bi)大,鋼壓(ya)縮比(bi)小,塑性(xing)、沖擊韌性(xing)和(he)焊(han)(han)接(jie)性(xing)能差。因此,較厚(hou)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)接(jie)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)應采(cai)用(yong)較好(hao)的(de)(de)鋼材。吊裝鋼構(gou)(gou)件(jian),增加或減少光(guang)滑度,避免緊急(ji)制(zhi)動或休(xiu)克。在人員(yuan)中,指揮(hui)信號(hao)清晰、響亮、清晰,嚴禁(jin)非法(fa)操作(zuo)。
經過多年的發展,目前太原鋼結構建筑產業蓬勃發展,但是,由于相關法規、規范及標準的出臺相對滯后,
鋼結構(gou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)業主、使(shi)用(yong)者、設(she)計施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業等對(dui)(dui)鋼結構(gou)的(de)防(fang)護問題都缺(que)乏(fa)足夠的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)視,在意識上(shang)依(yi)(yi)然停(ting)留在傳統的(de)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)技(ji)術上(shang)。由于材料及施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝選(xuan)擇(ze)不(bu)當,經常造成鋼結構(gou)過早的(de)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕或破壞(huai)。目前,無論是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)業主、使(shi)用(yong)者還是(shi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)者對(dui)(dui)于施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時如何檢(jian)測(ce)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)涂層的(de)性能,基本不(bu)予重(zhong)(zhong)視。另(ling)外,一(yi)些(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)業主完全依(yi)(yi)圖(tu)而定(ding),在工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)之前,沒(mei)有(you)找專門的(de)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)專家對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)整體防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)方案進行評估,沒(mei)有(you)委派(pai)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師或專家對(dui)(dui)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)涂層進行嚴格的(de)檢(jian)驗,一(yi)切(qie)交給工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)監理(li)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)監理(li)對(dui)(dui)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)理(li)解也(ye)是(shi)依(yi)(yi)圖(tu)而定(ding),工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)交付(fu)使(shi)用(yong)后基本沒(mei)有(you)進行防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)維護的(de)檢(jian)測(ce),還有(you)的(de)不(bu)顧實(shi)際(ji)情況大(da)砍防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)費(fei)用(yong),這些(xie)都使(shi)鋼結構(gou)壽命大(da)大(da)縮短。
山西泰立鋼結構為您分享:太原鋼結構工程具有高的強度,在裝置樓層較高或跨度較大的修建可以取得更好的修建效果。可是,我國很多實際的施工人員對鋼結構工程的知道較為粗淺,無法真正的把握鋼結構規劃工程的焊接關鍵,給鋼結構工程的質量構成了影響。因此,為了提高鋼結構規劃修建的施工質量,有必要在鋼結構工程的焊接部分進行嚴峻的控制和掌控,確保鋼結構規劃工程的質量,促進修建職業和修建技能的不斷更新。
1、工(gong)藝因素(su)的控制
1.1鋼結構規劃工(gong)程焊前(qian)準備的控制
鋼結(jie)構規劃(hua)焊(han)(han)前準備首要(yao)指(zhi)坡(po)口制備、焊(han)(han)接(jie)裝置以及焊(han)(han)接(jie)區域的清(qing)理。
(1)坡口制備:焊接坡口的加工直接影響焊接操(cao)作質量,所(suo)以應嚴峻按(an)鋼結構規(gui)劃(hua)工藝進行操(cao)作;還(huan)要留心鋼結構規(gui)劃(hua)引熄弧板(ban)坡口的原(yuan)料、規(gui)范及(ji)型(xing)式要與母材(cai)相(xiang)同。
(2)焊(han)接(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi):裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)質量不(bu)只影(ying)響鋼(gang)結構(gou)規(gui)劃(hua)構(gou)件幾許尺度,對焊(han)縫(feng)成形也有必定影(ying)響。焊(han)接(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)必定要考慮(lv)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)是否容易施焊(han),體裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)影(ying)響個別(bie)鋼(gang)結構(gou)規(gui)劃(hua)焊(han)縫(feng)的正常焊(han)接(jie),就要先將本道焊(han)縫(feng)焊(han)接(jie)后(hou)再裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)他零(ling)件。裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)一切焊(han)接(jie)材料要與母材相匹配,點(dian)焊(han)高(gao)度不(bu)宜超越鋼(gang)結構(gou)規(gui)劃(hua)焊(han)縫(feng)高(gao)度的2/3。
(3) 山西鋼結構規劃焊接區域的清理:應清除接頭兩邊的油污、鐵銹、灰塵等,以防止鋼結構規劃焊縫發生氣孔和裂紋。
1.2焊(han)接次序(xu)的控制
選(xuan)用合理的鋼(gang)(gang)結(jie)構(gou)規(gui)劃焊接次(ci)序(xu)可以(yi)有用減(jian)少構(gou)件變形(xing)程度(du),防止裂紋的發(fa)生,所(suo)以(yi)挑選(xuan)鋼(gang)(gang)結(jie)構(gou)規(gui)劃焊接次(ci)序(xu)時應盡量使焊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)處于(yu)比較(jiao)自在的縮短狀態(tai),先焊縮短量大的焊縫(feng)(feng)(feng),后焊縮短量小的焊縫(feng)(feng)(feng),以(yi)確保(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)結(jie)構(gou)規(gui)劃焊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)在焊接時有較(jiao)大的縮短自在,發(fa)生較(jiao)小的鋼(gang)(gang)結(jie)構(gou)規(gui)劃殘余應力。
1.3焊(han)接工藝規(gui)范參(can)數的控制
鋼結構規劃(hua)焊(han)(han)接工藝(yi)規范參(can)數(shu)首要包括焊(han)(han)接規范參(can)數(shu)、預熱溫度、后熱和消氫處(chu)理、焊(han)(han)后熱處(chu)理等。焊(han)(han)接規范參(can)數(shu)工藝(yi)中都有明(ming)確規定,鋼結構規劃(hua)工人應(ying)嚴峻按(an)工藝(yi)施焊(han)(han)。
首要強調(diao)一(yi)下鋼(gang)結構規(gui)劃焊(han)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的挑選。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過(guo)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)不穩,易構成夾(jia)渣、未焊(han)透(tou)等缺點;電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過(guo)大則易發生咬邊、氣(qi)(qi)孔(kong)和焊(han)接(jie)等缺點,一(yi)起(qi)飛(fei)(fei)濺(jian)添(tian)加。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)長即(ji)弧(hu)壓高,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)焚燒不穩,飛(fei)(fei)濺(jian)添(tian)加,熔深(shen)小,并且外部空氣(qi)(qi)侵入,構成氣(qi)(qi)孔(kong)未焊(han)透(tou)等缺點。